Radiology that heals: Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) applied to degenerative knee disorders

Abstract

Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) is an angiographic procedure that uses specific particles to selectively embolize certain blood vessels. This technique is used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a clinical condition with a significant impact that represents an ever-growing challenge. The rationale behind this procedure is the selective embolization of abnormal genicular vascularization, with the aim of reducing synovial inflammation and neoangiogenesis. Existing literature states that this procedure can alleviate OA-related pain and, at the same time, increase joint mobility, with long-lasting benefits. This case report describes a patient presenting with multiple knee pathologies not solely attributable to osteoarthritis (OA), with the aim of exploring the limitations and potential of genicular artery embolization (GAE) within a broader clinical context. The analysis will also address patient selection criteria, procedural technique, and clinical outcomes. However, further studies involving larger patient cohorts will be required to confirm the value of this procedure.