Rehabilitative Approaches in Patients with Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: A Systematic Review Oriented to Physiotherapy Practice

Abstract

Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC) is a rare, non-progressive condition characterized by the presence of multiple joint contractures evident at birth. This syndrome significantly affects patient functionality and quality of life. The aim of this review is to systematize the current evidence in the literature regarding the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions in individuals affected by AMC, with a clinical-practical focus intended to guide physiotherapists in their therapeutic decision-making. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing 14 studies of various methodological natures. The evidence suggests that early, personalized, and multidisciplinary intervention is essential to improve joint mobility, promote functional autonomy, and prevent secondary complications. Despite the limited number of controlled studies, the findings support the central role of the physiotherapist in the therapeutic pathway of patients with AMC.